Njengoko naliphi na kombane izivumelwano, kanjalo kombane izivumelwano bangena nge-Russian buyers kufuneka thoroughly chaza kunye neempahla ukuba isivumelwano yethutyana, ngokunjalo njengoko quantity kwaye umgangatho izinto ukuba umthengisi uya kubakhulula ukuba umthengi phantsi kombane zengqeshoEnzima iinkcukacha kwaye izikhankanyi izinto kusenokuba iqhotyoshelwe nemvumelwano njengoko appendices.
Ukuba injongo ukuba uyavuma kwi elide intsebenziswano kunye eqhubekayo kombane kwempahla, amaqela idla anike kuba ndlela kwi-france kwaye ukuvunywa elizayo ii-odolo kwi-kombane isivumelwano ukuze uphephe negotiation omtsha isivumelwano nganye kweenkonzo.
Kule meko, ii-odolo ingaba ixwebhu njengoko appendices ukuba unikeze zengqesho. Kule meko yokugqibela kombane isivumelwano imele, enyanisweni, sikhokelo isivumelwano kuba kombane kwempahla. I-kombane isivumelwano kufuneka enyanisweni chaza ixabiso le-enikezwa izinto. Nangona ixabiso, enyanisweni, soloko negotiated kwaye wavuma phezu yi-umthengisi kwaye umthengi, amaqela musa ukusoloko ukhumbula ukuba uyavuma kwi kwaye kucaciswe apho zamaqela linoxanduva ezibanzi zezothutho iindleko, i-inshorensi, masiko imisebenzi, iirhafu, nezinye iindleko kusenokwenzeka enxulumene kweenkonzo, kuba masiko okufaneleyo e kumazwe angaphandle kunye urhwebo.
Failing ukuba uyavuma phezu aforementioned iindleko inokuba nesiphumo unnecessary disagreements phakathi kwamaqela.
Jikelele, aforementioned ingaba limiselwe ngumthetho ixesha ukuhanjiswa, oko kuthetha ukuba umthengisi uya ngenyameko nzulu izibophelelo ukuba ekhethiweyo ithuba kweenkonzo imposes kwi umthengisi.
Kuba umthengisi epheleleyo ukuqhubela phambili intlawulo kuya kakhulu favorable ithuba intlawulo ukususela oko ivumela umthengisi ukuphepha ityala imingcipheko.
Kanjalo kwi-Russia ingqokelela ka-i-unpaid yokuthenga ixabiso okanye imali ka-enikezwa izinto ngokusebenzisa isemthethweni intshukumo ixesha ngu-consuming kwaye expensive. Ukuba umthengi uyala intlawulo ukuthenga ixabiso kwangaphambili kwi-izele, umthengisi babe propose a inxalenye ukuqhubela phambili intlawulo, apho kumzekelo i inxalenye ukuthenga ixabiso ufumana imali phambi kweenkonzo kwaye inxalenye eseleyo ngesiqhelo xa izinto aziswa. I-iqumrhu amaqela babe kanjalo ndiya vuma kwi ezininzi installments ngenxa ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-nkqubo we-kweenkonzo (umzekelo, kwi ukusayinwa, ukuhanjiswa, ufakelo, kwaye commissioning).
Xa ukusayina isivumelwano kunye umxhasi omtsha i-phambili, ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye, yi isebenziseke indlela ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxhasi yiyo ngokwenene capable ka-arranging intlawulo ukuthenga ixabiso ukusuka Saserashiya.
Kuthengiswa kwi-credit okanye ngomhla eyandisiweyo credit kufuneka uqwalaselwe ngenyameko kunye entsha abathengi. Ukunikezelwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo yamazwe Ngamazwe Kwegumbi of Commerce ingaba ngokubanzi asetyenziswa emnqamlezweni-umda kombane izivumelwano kunye Russian buyers (Incoterms kwaye Incoterms). Xa contemplating apho ithuba kweenkonzo isicelo langaphandle umthengisi kufuneka ingakumbi thatha ingqalelo ngexesha yintoni iqonga umngcipheko izinto iphumeza ukuba umthengi, apho iindleko i-umthengisi linoxanduva kwaye apho iqumrhu umntu onoxanduva kumazwe angaphandle kunye ukungenisa okufaneleyo izinto. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba langaphandle inkampani ubuthwale ngaphandle ukungenisa okufaneleyo kwi-Russia, ngoko ke, ingakumbi DDP elithi kufuneka kusetyenziswa kakuhle. Kuba umthengisi - Eks Imisebenzi elithi kakhulu favorable njengoko kuphela obligation ye-umthengisi mayela ukunikezelwa kukuba kuba imveliso ilungele kufakwa kwiziko yayo kwelinye ilitye, naxa okanye kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezingaphandle kweofisi.
I-CPT, CIP kwaye DAP mimiselo bamele kanjalo kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise, nkqu nokuba babe imposiso yorhwebo lwangaphakathi ngakumbi kofakwano izibophelelo kwi umthengisi.
I-umthengisi zibe kufuneka compensate umonakalo intlungu yi-umthengi enyanisweni xa kweenkonzo ngu foliso okanye ukuba kukho yomonakalo kwi-akhululwe izinto okanye baya kuba ezinye isizathu musa ukuthobela wavuma imveliso zokucacisa.
I-umthengisi akufunekanga ukuba ngaphandle kokuba limited kwi-kombane isivumelwano, umthengisi iqhele kanjalo kuba netyala umonakalo othe iqulethe umthengi ke ezilahlekileyo inzuzo.
Oku kunjalo, umzekelo, xa kombane isivumelwano ilawulwa yi Russian umthetho okanye yi-CISG. Ngoko ke, ukususela isixa-mali ezilahlekileyo inzuzo lula uba considerably phezulu, umthengisi kufuneka ecaleni ezilahlekileyo inzuzo ukusuka ekhaya umonakalo apho umthengisi ngu netyala phantsi zengqesho. Iselwa rhoqo umthengisi kwaye umthengi uyavuma phezu fixed contractual esangezelelweyo constituting, umzekelo kwimeko delays, umntu othile umyinge isixa-mali ngamnye ngamnye iqala iveki libazisa ukulandela wavuma kweenkonzo umhla. I amaqela kufuneka kanjalo ndiya vuma kwi njani defects kwi-izinto ingaba compensated kwaye oko ukubaluleka le ulungiso, ezifana ixabiso reduction, ukuhanjiswa wokutshintsha izinto, okanye fixing izinto. I-kombane isivumelwano kufuneka kanjalo khankanya esangezelelweyo inzala kwityala umthengi uyoyisakala ahlawule imali yokuthenga ixabiso okanye i-installment bawo ngendlela ngokufaneleka hlobo.
Njengoko Us yi iqela i-Convention on Ngamazwe Ukuthengisa Impahla, CISG ingaba isicelo eso ezininzi emnqamlezweni-umda kombane izivumelwano ngaphandle kokuba amaqela uchaze elawula umthetho kwi-kombane zengqesho.
Idla omabini amaqela nomdla kuba isivumelwano governed yi-zabo imithetho yasekhaya. Kule meko elawula umthetho ayikwazi kuvumelana phezu, amaqela babe khetha CISG njengokuba kuchitha. I-venue ka-imbambano ubungakanani okanye ophantsi kolawulo ibe wavuma phezu yi-amaqela ye-kombane isivumelwano ngokuthi kuthethwa ka-kubandakanywa ebizwa-imbambano isisombululo lokulingana kwi-zengqesho.
Nangona ukuba umthengisi ungafuna ukuba uchaze domestic inkundla njengoko venue kuba imbambano isisombululo, omnye kufuneka lithathele ingqalelo ukuba uninzi amazwe uswele a phakathi kwala mazwe mabini treaty kwi-ukuthathela ingqalelo kwaye ukunyanzeliswa langaphandle izigwebo, apho enyanisweni renders isihlalo esikhutshwe domestic inkundla ineffective njengokuba kubhaliwe azinako isetyenzisiwe kwi-Us.
Ngenxa ngasentla, kungcono ukuba uyavuma kwi arbitration njengoko langaphandle arbitration mbasa ingaba lunxulumano kwaye isetyenzisiwe kwi-Russia phantsi Enew York Sivumelwano ngomhla ukuthathela ingqalelo kwaye Ukunyanzeliswa Langaphandle Arbitral Mbasa.
Kungenjalo, amaqela babe uyavuma phezu imbambano isisombululo kwi-Russian inkundla, apho kumzekelo i isihlalo wenkundla ingaba enyanisweni enforceable kwi-Us.
Xa elinye amaqela a kombane isivumelwano yi Russian, isivumelwano iqhele ngokulinganayo! phezulu iilwimi ezimbini. Wokuqala ulwimi idla isingesi okanye olunye ulwimi supplier, ngelixa ulwimi lwesibini ubani abe isirussian, ukususela Russian umthetho ufuna izivumelwano Russian iinkampani ukuba abe ngokulinganayo! phezulu kwi-Russian.
Kule meko zengqesho idla dictates apho ulwimi baya kuba ukubaluleka kwimeko discrepancies phakathi umbhalo iinguqulelo.
